Magnecell has developed a novel patented technology for controlling cell activity using magnetic nanoparticles and targeted magnetic fields.

The technique can activate specific cell receptors remotely without the need for drugs or other biochemical stimuli. It has already been shown to aid in cartilage production by controlling stem cell differentiation into chondrocytes, both in vitro and in vivo, and will have multiple applications in controlling and targeting therapy in a wide range of diseases.

The technology in action

Nanoparticles with a magnetic core, coated with a biocompatible layer, are tagged with one or more protein binding motifs. The tagged nanoparticles bind to ion-channels or other mechano-sensitive receptors within cells. Our initial work has tagged mechano-sensitive potassium channels, calcium channels and intracellular networks. By subjecting the cells to a time-varying magnetic field, the magnetic particles are displaced, which causes the specific receptor to be opened. The receptor activation then leads to a series of downstream signalling cascades, which in turn leads to protein regulation and controlled cell responses.

The figure below shows the activation of a mechanosensitive ion channel by a particle bound to the cell membrane.

Particles can also be attached to specific ion channels to affect specific signalling pathways:

Nanoparticles

The nanoparticles that Magnecell uses consist of a core magnetic material encased in a protective coating to minimise corrosion. An organic linker provides an interface between the particle and the biomolecule which is used to attach the particle to the cell. The particles are typically 10nm to 1μm in diameter. On average 5-15 particles bind to a cell. Many similar types of particles have therefore already been approved for in vivo use, removing a significant regulatory risk from the adoption of the technology.

MICA™

Our MICA™ (Magnetic Ion Channel Activation) system allows scientists to easily incorporate Magnecell’s technology into their development. The first system has been designed for in vitro use. It fits into a standard bio-incubator cabinet and allows cells in standard culture vessels to be mechanically activated. Researchers can dynamically vary the applied stress profile under computer control.